Ten facts about St Andrew

......patron saint of Scotland

Andrew was a Galilean fisherman working in the Black Sea before he and his brother Simon Peter became disciples of Jesus Christ.
He was crucified by the Romans on an X-shaped cross at Patras in Greece and, hundreds of years later, his remains were moved to Constantinople and then, in the 13th century, to Amalfi in southern Italy where they are kept to this day.
Legend has it that a Greek monk known as St Rule or St Regulus was ordered in a vision to take a few relics of Andrew to the 'ends of the earth' for safe keeping. He set off on a sea journey to eventually come ashore on the coast of Fife at a settlement which is now the modern town of St Andrews.
In 832 AD Andrew is said to have appeared in a vision to a Pictish king the night before a battle against the Northumbrians in what is now the village of Athelstaneford in East Lothian. On the day of the battle a Saltire, an X-shaped cross, appeared in the sky above the battlefield and the Picts were victorious.
The Saltire, or Saint Andrew's Cross, was subsequently adopted as the national emblem and flag of the Scots.
Andrew was first recognised as an official patron saint of Scotland in 1320 at the signing of the Declaration of Arbroath an appeal to the Pope by Scottish noblemen asserting Scotland's independence from England.
The presence of Andrew's relics in Scotland - a tooth, a kneecap, arm and finger bones - meant that St Andrews became a popular medieval pilgrimage site although they were destroyed in the 16th century during the Scottish Reformation.
In 1879 the Archbishop of Amalfi gifted Andrew's shoulder blade to St Mary's Cathedral in Edinburgh. Pope Paul VI donated further relics in 1969.
Andrew is also the patron saint of Greece, Russia, Romania, and Barbados.
His patronage extends to fishmongers, gout, singers, sore throats, spinsters, maidens, old maids and women wishing to become mothers.

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